Chromatography

forte BP624

(Cyanopropylphenyl Polysiloxane)

• A polar phase used for EPA volatile organics analysis (EPA 624, SW-846 8240/8260), alcohol analysis and for USP G43

Applications:

• Volatiles
• Alcohols

forte CYDEX-B

(Permethylated Beta Cyclodextrin)

• Chiral column for the separation of enantiomeric compounds found in natural products.

Applications:

• Enantiomeric purity
• Flavour
• Terpenoids

GC Column conditioning

Conditioning at elevated temperatures without flow will permanently damage or destroy the performance of the capillary column. Conditioning with an oxygen leak present causes the column bleed and destroys its utility at high operating temperatures. Therefore prior the conditioning a column:

• Check proper carrier gas flow settings
• Make a leak test to verify that there is not oxygen present in the system

GC column conditioning:

• Install the column to the injector. Do not connect the column to the detector. Leave the column end in the GC oven.
• Set the GC oven to 40°C
• Hold this temperature 15 minutes
• Set the temperature gradient to 10°C/min
• Set the maximum operation temperature 20°C above your final temperature of the GC temperature program (the maximum temerature must be 25°C below the column maximum operating temperature)*
• Leave the column at high temperature ovenight until the baseline stabilizes. If the column is pre-conditioned, leave tha maximum temperature for 2 hours and untill the baseline stabilizes.

^*Note: Overnight conditioning is not necessary with pre-conditioned columns. Read carefully the conditioning instructions supplied by the column manufacturer. They have priority to the general conditioning recommendation above .

Siltek Deactivation

Siltek® is the most chemically inert surface by Restek. It is prepared through the same process as Sulfinert® treatment, and pricing is equal, but, for emphasis, we use the Sulfinert® name to describe inert surface specifically intended for sampling, storing, transferring, or analyzing parts-per-billion levels of active sulfur compounds (e.g., hydrogen sulfide). One of the more popular applications for Siltek® treatment is the passivation of inlet liners for gas chromatography, and the many GC applications performed using Siltek®-treated liners are a testament to the inertness of this surface.

If you're storing, transferring, or analyzing parts-per-billion levels of active sulfur compounds, chlorinated pesticides (especially endrin and/or 4,4’-DDT), semivolatile compounds, or other chemically active molecules, we recommend you request Siltek® treatment for your glass, stainless steel, steel, or high performance alloy system components.

Examples of Siltek®-treated systems and components include inlet seals for injection systems in gas chromatographs, and inlet liners for GC analysis of chlorinated pesticides.

Inertization types

Actually there exist 6 passivation techiques based on inertization of metaly surface by fused silica:

• Silcosteel®
• Siltek™
• Sulfinert®
• Silcosteel®-AC
• Silcosteel®-CR
• Silcosteel®-UHV

FocusLiner

The FocusLiner™ is the first liner in the world to secure quartz wool by means of a tapering above and below the wool. This ensures the wool remains in the correct position to wipe the needle tip during injection. Reproducibility is greatly improved with chromatographers reporting Relative Standard Deviations (RSD's) of between 0.3 and 0.7%.

The new Fast FocusLiner™ has a narrow ID (<2.5 mm) making it ideal to be used with Fast Capillary Columns (0.1 mm ID).

Main features

• All liners deactivated with high temperature deactivation
• Innovative designs
• Excellent reproducibility, precision, accuracy and reliability
• Simple to use
• Maximum sensitivity / detection levels
• Guaranteed to fit
• Guaranteed premium inertness

If you are interested in this liner, you can select the right one for your GC in the product catalogue.

Chromatography links

Library4Science has been established to bring technical reference and educational resources for chromatography to the internet. The site includes principles and practice of chromatography. You also can download various resources in pdf.

LC-GC Journal

• LC-GC Europe is the premier publication serving the separation science industry in Europe
• Published monthly
• Supplies troubleshooting information and application solutions on all aspects of sample preparation, chromatography, and capillary electrophoresis

ChemSpider

ChemSpider is a free chemical structure database providing fast text and structure search access to over 100 million compounds from many data sources.

International Environmental Technology

• Journal promoting and introducing lates products for environmental applications
• IET card for fast information
• Free subscription for printed journal

Immuniafinity column materials

Mycotoxins are toxic substances naturally produced by molds (fungi) that may contaminate agricultural commodities by growing on grain or feed. These molds result in a variety of dangerous mycotoxins, such as aflatoxin, fumonisin, deoxynivalenol (DON), ochratoxin, and zearalenone - some of which are known human carcinogens. The U.S. Food & Drug Administration (FDA) has determined acceptable levels of certain mycotoxins for consumption by humans and different species of animals. Furthermore, the European Union (EU) continues to tighten its regulations. This stiffening of EU import standards drives worldwide adoption of mycotoxin tests that are ever more precise, accurate, and sensitive.

One method of mycotoxin analysis includes sample extraction and clean-up with VICAM immunoaffinity columns, followed by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). In addition to HPLC analysis, VICAM immunoaffinity columns can be used for the quantitative detection of mycotoxin present through the use of a fluorometer. The use of VICAM immunoaffinity columns with the aforementioned instruments can provide a reading of actual mycotoxin content over a range of contamination levels.

More information about products are available in the product catalogue. List of Official methods using Vicam immunoaffinity columns is available here.

Vicam Immunoafinity Columns

*ppt - parts per trillion

forte SolGel-WAX

(Polyethylen glycol phase)

• High polarity phase.
• Unigue technology (SolGel material) - the phase is encapsulated in synthetic glass.
• Robust and high temperature WAX column.

Applications:

• Esentials oils
• Solvents
• BTEX
• FAMEs
• Alcohols, aldehydes, esters and ketones

ProteCol Phase

ProteCol - a revolution in Nano / Capillary LC

Incorporating columns, unions, tubing, splitters and filters, every component of ProteCol has been designedspecifically for Capillary LC. ProteCol can provide you with a complete Capillary LC solution, or individual components of ProteCol can be incorporated into your existing system.

• Performance Plus: The peak broadening effect of dead volume and total swept volume is much more significant in Capillary LC compared to conventional LC. The entire ProteCol range has been specifically designed as a 'zero dead volume' system to give you the highest possible resolution and efficiency, therefore maximizing the advantages of Capillary LC.
• Ease of Use: A key to the success of the ProteCol system is the ease with which zero dead volume connections can be made between columns, tubing and all accessories.
• Versatility: ProteCol columns, unions and accessories are designed to be used together as a complete system, or can be individually incorporated into your existing capillary LC setup.
• Flexibility: With a variety of columns, unions, and tubing sizes, ProteCol adapts to suit your own requirements.

Nanovolume generally refers to components with bore sizes less than 250 µm (0.010''). The minimal transfer volume contributed by nanovolume components makes them especially beneficial with flow rates in the µL/min range, when the transfer volume can be critical.

Maximum performance

The core of any separation system is the column. ProteCol columns are designed specifically for Nano and Capillary LC. The column body is integrated with the connection tubing, both of which are made from inert fused silica lined PEEK™ tubing, giving a robust and flexible column.

The connection tubing is available in 1/16" and 1/32" outer diameter, and is supplied with precisely square cut and polished ends for easy zero dead volume connections. To minimize post column broadening, ProteCol columns are supplied with a short 100mm outlet tail. ProteCol columns are available in a variety of lengths, ID's and packings.

The most commonly used packing material is C18 modified silica, 3μm particles, which offers a high resolution while allowing the use of shorter columns. Typical pore sizes are 120Å for small molecules (pharmaceutical drugs and small peptides) and 300Å for larger molecules (large peptides and small proteins). Ideal for applications in Proteomics and Drug Discovery.

More details about ProteCol products are available here.

forte BP1

(100% dimethyl polysiloxane)

• Low polariry phase.
• Equivavelent to USP G2 phases.
• An industry standard non-polar phase suitable for all routine analyses.
• An extremely low bleed phase with an high temperature limit of 360°C.

Applications

• Amines
• Drugs of abuse
• Mercaptans, light sulphur compounds and natural gas odorants
• Essential oils
• Pesticides and PCB congeners
• Simulated distillation
• Oxygenates and GROs
• Refinery gases and hydrocarbons
• Solvents impurities
• Semi-volatiles